Stage of development of varicose veins

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Today, there are a large number of classifications of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). The most common is the unified, international CEAP classification. In which C means Clinic (clinical stage), E - Etiology (cause of varicose veins), A - Anatomy (anatomy of the lesion), P - Pathophisiology (pathophysiology). According to this classification, CVI occurs in 6 clinical stages (classes), which are displayed below:

Stage 0 - there are no visible manifestations of varicose veins, but the severity and cramps in the legs are already worried

Stage 1 - the stage of the appearance of telangiectasias (spider veins). Small venous nets form under the skin and may already be disturbed by night cramps in the calf muscles

Stage 2 - pronounced (large) varicose veins

Stage 3 - swelling of the legs, which may not pass after rest

Stage 4 - trophic changes on the skin and subcutaneous fat (lipodermatosclerosis, dermatitis, etc.)

Stage 5 - skin changes and a healed trophic ulcer

Stage 6 - skin changes and an open trophic ulcer

Also, there is another classification of CVI proposed by prof. V.S. Savelyev in 1972, which until recently was widely used by surgeons in the CIS countries. According to this classification, 3 stages are distinguished:

Stage 1 (compensation) - there are complaints about individual varicose veins on the lower leg or thigh, the person does not notice other symptoms of varicose veins, there are no violations of the venous outflow of blood

Stage 2 (subcompensation) - complaints of varicose veins of the lower extremities and examination reveals valve insufficiency of the main trunks and communicative veins

Stage 3 (decompensation) - all signs of venous stasis of blood in the legs: feeling of heaviness in the legs, swelling of the legs, fatigue, dull pain in the legs, cramps in the calf muscles, skin changes (eczema, lipodermatosclerosis), itching of the skin up to trophic ulcers

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Author: Machuskyi Serhii MD ©